Who Is On The Dime: The History And Significance

Who is on the dime? This is a question that often arises when people examine the coins in their pockets or wallets. The face that adorns the dime, a small yet significant piece of U.S. currency, is none other than Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States. His face has graced the dime since 1946, a year after his death, in recognition of his contributions to the nation during a time of great economic and global challenges.

The dime is a ten-cent coin, and its design has evolved over the years. Before Roosevelt's image was engraved on the coin, the dime featured the likeness of Lady Liberty in various forms. However, the decision to immortalize Roosevelt on the dime was not just about his political achievements. It was also deeply personal, reflecting his struggle against polio, a cause he championed through the creation of the March of Dimes, an organization initially focused on combating polio.

This article aims to explore not only the historical context of who is on the dime but also delve into the biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the significance of his image on the dime, and the broader implications of currency design in reflecting national values and heroes. By the end of this article, readers will have a comprehensive understanding of this small yet historically rich piece of currency.

Table of Contents

• Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Personal Details of Franklin D. Roosevelt
• History of the Dime
• Why is Roosevelt on the Dime?
• Design Evolution of the Dime
• The March of Dimes
• How is the Dime Manufactured?
• What is the Value of Collectible Dimes?
• The Cultural Impact of the Dime
• Who Decides Coin Designs?
• How Does the Dime Compare to Other Coins?
• The Role of Currency in National Identity
• Common FAQs About the Dime
• External Resources and Further Reading
• Conclusion

Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt, often referred to as FDR, was born on January 30, 1882, in Hyde Park, New York. He was a member of the prominent Roosevelt family, which had deep political roots. His early life was one of privilege, filled with education at elite institutions like Groton School, Harvard University, and Columbia Law School. However, it was his determination and resilience in the face of personal and national challenges that truly defined his legacy.

Roosevelt entered public service in 1910, starting as a New York State Senator. He later served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy under President Woodrow Wilson. However, his political career was temporarily halted when he contracted polio in 1921, leaving him paralyzed from the waist down. Despite his physical limitations, Roosevelt's unwavering spirit led him to become the Governor of New York in 1928 and eventually the President of the United States in 1933.

As President, Roosevelt navigated the country through the Great Depression and World War II, implementing transformative policies known as the New Deal to revive the American economy. His leadership style, characterized by his fireside chats and empathetic communication, earned him the trust and admiration of the American people. Roosevelt served four terms as President, a testament to his enduring popularity, until his death on April 12, 1945.

Personal Details of Franklin D. Roosevelt

History of the Dime

The dime, a coin valued at ten cents, has been an integral part of the United States currency system since its inception in 1796. It was authorized by the Coinage Act of 1792, which established the U.S. Mint and standardized the nation's currency. The term "dime" is derived from the Latin word "decimus," meaning "tenth," which aligns with its value as one-tenth of a dollar.

Over the years, the dime has undergone numerous design changes. The earliest dimes featured depictions of Lady Liberty, symbolizing freedom and democracy. These designs varied, from the Draped Bust dime, created by artist Robert Scot, to the Seated Liberty dime, designed by Christian Gobrecht. Each iteration reflected the artistic and cultural sensibilities of its time.

In 1892, the Barber dime was introduced, named after its designer, Charles E. Barber. This design persisted until 1916 when it was replaced by the Winged Liberty Head dime, commonly referred to as the Mercury dime. This design, crafted by Adolph A. Weinman, is celebrated for its elegance and artistic merit.

The current design, featuring Franklin D. Roosevelt, was introduced in 1946, shortly after his death. This decision marked a departure from the tradition of featuring Lady Liberty and highlighted the trend of honoring notable Americans on currency. The Roosevelt dime remains in circulation today, serving as both a tribute to the former president and a symbol of American resilience.

Why is Roosevelt on the Dime?

The decision to place Franklin D. Roosevelt on the dime was influenced by several factors, both personal and public. Roosevelt's presidency was marked by his leadership during two of the most challenging periods in American history: the Great Depression and World War II. His policies and leadership style left a lasting impact on the nation, making him a fitting candidate for commemoration on currency.

However, the choice to feature Roosevelt on the dime was also deeply personal. Roosevelt was a strong advocate for polio research and rehabilitation, having battled the disease himself. He founded the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, now known as the March of Dimes, to fund polio research and support those affected by the disease. This organization played a crucial role in developing the polio vaccine and continues to support maternal and child health initiatives.

By placing Roosevelt on the dime, the U.S. Mint honored his legacy and contributions to combating polio. The dime became a symbol of hope and perseverance, reflecting Roosevelt's determination and the nation's commitment to overcoming adversity. This decision underscores the power of currency to memorialize individuals who have shaped the course of history.

Design Evolution of the Dime

The design of the dime has evolved significantly since its introduction in 1796, reflecting changes in artistic trends, cultural values, and technological advancements. Each iteration of the dime's design tells a story of its time, capturing the essence of American identity and aspirations.

The earliest dimes, such as the Draped Bust and Capped Bust designs, depicted Lady Liberty in classical forms, embodying the nation's ideals of liberty and democracy. These designs were influenced by the Neoclassical art movement, which emphasized harmony, balance, and simplicity. The Seated Liberty design, introduced in 1837, continued this tradition with a more dynamic portrayal of Liberty seated on a rock, holding a shield and a Phrygian cap.

In 1892, the Barber dime was introduced, featuring a more stoic and restrained depiction of Liberty. This design was perceived as conservative, reflecting the sensibilities of the Gilded Age. The Barber dime was succeeded by the Mercury dime in 1916, which is celebrated for its artistic elegance. The Mercury dime's design, featuring a Winged Liberty Head, was intended to symbolize freedom of thought and expression.

The transition to the Roosevelt dime in 1946 marked a significant shift in design philosophy. Unlike previous dimes that featured allegorical representations of Liberty, the Roosevelt dime honored a real individual who had made significant contributions to the nation. This change reflected the growing trend of commemorating notable Americans on currency, a practice that continues to this day.

The March of Dimes

The March of Dimes, initially known as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, was founded by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938. This organization was established to combat polio, a debilitating disease that had affected Roosevelt and countless others. The March of Dimes played a pivotal role in funding research and supporting the development of the polio vaccine.

Under Roosevelt's leadership, the March of Dimes mobilized public support and raised funds through innovative campaigns. One of the most successful initiatives was the "dime drive," where Americans were encouraged to send dimes to the White House to support polio research. This grassroots effort garnered widespread participation and highlighted the power of collective action in addressing public health challenges.

Following the successful development of the polio vaccine in the 1950s, the March of Dimes shifted its focus to broader maternal and child health issues. Today, the organization continues to advocate for the health and well-being of mothers and babies, supporting research and initiatives aimed at preventing birth defects, premature birth, and infant mortality.

The legacy of the March of Dimes is reflected in its continued impact on public health and its enduring association with Roosevelt, whose image on the dime serves as a reminder of the organization's origins and mission.

How is the Dime Manufactured?

The manufacturing of the dime, like other coins, involves a meticulous process that combines artistry, engineering, and craftsmanship. The U.S. Mint oversees the production of dimes, ensuring that each coin meets strict standards for quality and consistency.

The process begins with the design phase, where artists and engravers create detailed sketches and models of the coin's design. This stage involves collaboration between the U.S. Mint's Artistic Infusion Program and its team of engravers, who work to create a design that reflects the coin's intended theme and purpose.

Once the design is finalized, it is transferred to a master die, a steel cylinder that serves as the template for producing coins. The master die is used to create working dies, which are used in the minting process. Each working die can produce thousands of coins before it needs to be replaced.

The minting process involves feeding blank metal discs, known as planchets, into a coining press. The press strikes the planchets with the working dies, imprinting the design onto both sides of the coin. The pressure applied during this process is immense, ensuring that the design is sharply rendered and the coin is durable.

After minting, the coins undergo a rigorous inspection process to ensure they meet quality standards. Any coins that do not meet these standards are recycled and remelted. The final product is then packaged and distributed to Federal Reserve banks, where they are released into circulation.

What is the Value of Collectible Dimes?

The value of collectible dimes varies based on several factors, including their age, condition, rarity, and historical significance. While most dimes in circulation hold a face value of ten cents, certain dimes can be worth significantly more to collectors.

Some of the most sought-after dimes among collectors include those with unique or rare designs, such as the 1796 Draped Bust dime, the 1894-S Barber dime, and the 1916-D Mercury dime. These coins are valued for their historical significance and limited mintage, making them highly desirable to numismatists.

In addition to rare designs, the condition of a dime plays a crucial role in determining its value. Coins that have been well-preserved and exhibit minimal wear are considered to be in "mint state" condition and are more valuable than those with visible wear and damage. Collectors often use a grading scale to assess a coin's condition, ranging from "poor" to "mint state."

The historical context and provenance of a dime can also influence its value. Coins that were part of significant historical events or owned by notable individuals may command higher prices in the collector's market.

For those interested in collecting dimes, it's essential to research and consult reputable numismatic sources to accurately assess a coin's value and authenticity. Collecting dimes can be a rewarding hobby, offering a glimpse into the rich history of U.S. currency and the stories behind each coin.

The Cultural Impact of the Dime

The dime, despite its small size, holds significant cultural and historical value in the United States. Beyond its practical use as currency, the dime serves as a symbol of American resilience, perseverance, and innovation.

Throughout history, the dime has been associated with various cultural movements and societal changes. The March of Dimes campaign, for example, demonstrated the power of collective action in addressing public health challenges and showcased the impact of grassroots initiatives. The campaign's success underscored the importance of community involvement and inspired similar efforts in other areas of public health and social justice.

The dime's design evolution also reflects broader cultural shifts and artistic trends. From the classical depictions of Liberty to the modern portrayal of Franklin D. Roosevelt, each design tells a story of its time and captures the values and aspirations of the nation. The transition from allegorical figures to real individuals on currency highlights the growing recognition of notable Americans and their contributions to society.

In addition to its cultural significance, the dime has played a role in shaping economic behaviors and practices. Its introduction as a ten-cent coin facilitated commerce and trade, enabling more efficient transactions and contributing to the growth of the U.S. economy. The dime's value and utility have made it a staple in everyday financial transactions, from small purchases to savings initiatives like "penny-pinching" and "dime-saving."

Who Decides Coin Designs?

The process of selecting and approving coin designs involves multiple stakeholders and is guided by established protocols and procedures. The United States Mint, a bureau of the Department of the Treasury, is responsible for producing and distributing coins, including the dime. However, the design of coins is influenced by various entities, including the U.S. Mint's Artistic Infusion Program, the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee, and the Commission of Fine Arts.

The Artistic Infusion Program brings together artists and designers who collaborate with the U.S. Mint's engraving team to develop and refine coin designs. These artists submit proposals and concepts that reflect the coin's intended theme and significance.

The Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee (CCAC) is an advisory body that provides recommendations on coin designs and themes. The CCAC is composed of individuals with expertise in areas such as numismatics, history, art, and coin collecting. Their input helps ensure that coin designs are culturally and historically relevant and resonate with the American public.

The Commission of Fine Arts (CFA) also plays a role in reviewing and approving coin designs. The CFA provides feedback on the artistic merit and aesthetic quality of proposed designs, ensuring that they meet high standards of excellence.

Ultimately, the final approval of coin designs rests with the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary considers the recommendations and input from the U.S. Mint, CCAC, and CFA before making a decision. This collaborative process ensures that coin designs are thoughtfully considered and reflect the nation's values and heritage.

How Does the Dime Compare to Other Coins?

The dime, as a ten-cent coin, occupies a unique position within the U.S. currency system. It is one of the smallest denominations in circulation, both in terms of physical size and face value. Despite its diminutive stature, the dime plays an essential role in everyday financial transactions and has distinct characteristics that set it apart from other coins.

In terms of size, the dime is smaller than both the nickel and the quarter, measuring 17.91 millimeters in diameter and weighing 2.268 grams. Its compact size makes it convenient for carrying and handling, allowing for easy storage in wallets and coin purses.

The dime's design has remained relatively consistent since the introduction of the Roosevelt dime in 1946. In contrast, other coins, such as the quarter and penny, have undergone more frequent design changes to commemorate historical events, notable figures, and cultural milestones. The dime's stability in design reflects its enduring significance and the lasting impact of Franklin D. Roosevelt's legacy.

Economically, the dime holds a mid-range value among U.S. coins, positioned between the penny and nickel on the lower end and the quarter and half-dollar on the higher end. Its value makes it versatile for small transactions and change-making, while its distinctiveness in design and size prevents confusion with other coins.

Overall, the dime's unique features and historical significance contribute to its enduring appeal and utility within the U.S. currency system. It serves as a testament to the nation's history and the individuals who have shaped its course.

The Role of Currency in National Identity

Currency plays a crucial role in shaping and reflecting national identity, serving as both a practical medium of exchange and a symbol of a nation's values, history, and achievements. Coins and banknotes often feature designs that commemorate significant events, notable individuals, and cultural icons, offering a tangible representation of a country's heritage and aspirations.

The imagery and inscriptions on currency convey powerful messages about a nation's identity and priorities. For example, the decision to feature Franklin D. Roosevelt on the dime reflects the United States' recognition of his leadership during challenging times and his contributions to public health and social progress. This choice underscores the nation's commitment to honoring individuals who have made a lasting impact on society.

Currency also serves as a tool for promoting national unity and pride. By circulating coins and banknotes that celebrate shared values and achievements, a nation reinforces its collective identity and fosters a sense of belonging among its citizens. This symbolic function of currency is particularly evident in commemorative coin programs, which highlight historical milestones, cultural achievements, and diverse contributions to society.

Moreover, currency can influence perceptions of a nation on the global stage. The designs and themes featured on coins and banknotes can enhance a country's image and reputation, showcasing its cultural richness, historical significance, and commitment to progress and innovation.

In conclusion, currency is more than just a means of facilitating transactions; it is a powerful symbol of national identity and a reflection of a nation's values and aspirations. Through thoughtful design and meaningful imagery, currency can inspire pride, promote unity, and highlight the individuals and events that have shaped a nation's history.

Common FAQs About the Dime

1. Who is on the dime and why were they chosen?

Franklin D. Roosevelt is on the dime. He was chosen to honor his leadership during the Great Depression and World War II, as well as his contributions to public health through the March of Dimes campaign.

2. When was the Roosevelt dime first introduced?

The Roosevelt dime was first introduced in 1946, shortly after Franklin D. Roosevelt's death in 1945.

3. What materials are used to make the dime?

Modern dimes are composed of a clad composition, consisting of an outer layer of copper-nickel alloy bonded to a core of pure copper. This composition was adopted in 1965 to replace the previous silver content.

4. Are there any rare or valuable dimes for collectors?

Yes, certain dimes are highly sought after by collectors, including the 1796 Draped Bust dime, the 1894-S Barber dime, and the 1916-D Mercury dime. These coins are valued for their rarity, historical significance, and condition.

5. How does the design of the dime differ from other coins?

The design of the dime has remained relatively consistent since the introduction of the Roosevelt dime. It features an image of Franklin D. Roosevelt on the obverse and a torch, oak branch, and olive branch on the reverse. This design distinguishes it from other coins, such as the quarter and penny, which have more frequently changed designs.

6. What is the significance of the March of Dimes?

The March of Dimes was founded by Franklin D. Roosevelt to combat polio and support research for a vaccine. Its successful campaigns, including the "dime drive," demonstrated the power of collective action and continue to support maternal and child health initiatives.

External Resources and Further Reading

For those interested in learning more about the history and significance of the dime, as well as Franklin D. Roosevelt's legacy, the following resources offer valuable insights and information:

• United States Mint - Official website of the U.S. Mint, providing information on coin designs, production, and history.
• March of Dimes - Organization focused on maternal and child health, with a history of combating polio and supporting public health research.
• Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum - Repository of documents, artifacts, and exhibits related to FDR's life and presidency.
• American Numismatic Society - Resource for collectors and historians interested in the study of coins and currency.

Conclusion

The dime, featuring the image of Franklin D. Roosevelt, is more than just a piece of currency; it is a symbol of American resilience, leadership, and progress. Through its design and history, the dime reflects the nation's values and pays tribute to a president who guided the country through some of its most challenging times.

Roosevelt's legacy, as embodied in the dime, continues to inspire and remind us of the power of determination and collective action in overcoming adversity. As we hold this small coin in our hands, we are reminded of the enduring impact of individuals who have shaped our history and the potential for currency to reflect and reinforce national identity.

Ultimately, the story of who is on the dime is a testament to the enduring significance of currency in capturing and celebrating the essence of a nation and its heroes.